The Paradox of God’sKingdom: LiftingUptheWeak and AwakeningtheRich
Today’s passage shows Jesus coming down from the mountain and proclaiming the paradox of God’s kingdom to a large crowd in Luke 6. People came not only from Judea and Jerusalem but also from the Gentile regions of Tyre and Sidon. They wanted to hear Jesus’ words and be healed of their diseases and freed from evil spirits.
In the Gospel of Matthew, we read the well-known “Sermon on the Mount,” but in Luke, Jesus comes down from the mountain to meet people on a “level place.” He did this to be closer to them and to communicate more directly. This is connected to Luke’s emphasis on the values of God’s kingdom. Jesus’ sermon on the plain is not just about the physical location. It symbolizes the meaning and direction of His ministry. The Gospel of Luke highlights Jesus’ concern for the poor and the marginalized. It shows how Jesus comes down to be among those who suffer and are oppressed.
Sometimes, we also feel blocked by huge walls of problems in life. We may even struggle to reach out to God. But we must remember that Jesus does not stand far above us and simply look down. Instead, He is always with us in the midst of our everyday lives.
Jesus gives two declarations to the crowd on the plain. First, He says, “Blessed are you who are poor, who are hungry, who weep, and who are hated because of Jesus.” Second, He warns, “Woe to you who are rich, who are well fed, who laugh now, and who are praised by everyone.”
Usually, we think that the poor, the hungry, and those who weep seem unhappy, and that the wealthy, the well-fed, and those who are always cheerful seem blessed. But Jesus says the opposite.
Why does Jesus give such a “paradoxical” teaching? It shows that God especially cares for the weak and the suffering, while those who have more are called to share and take greater responsibility. We often consider happiness to be a stable or improved situation in our own lives. However, Jesus teaches that true happiness is fulfilled when we live by the values of God’s kingdom.
The paradox of God’s kingdom is not just about flipping our usual standards of happiness and unhappiness. It shows that the world’s values and God’s values are fundamentally different.
To understand this teaching more deeply, we need to consider the social structure of first-century Jewish society. Back then, the rich often exploited the poor, and those in power sometimes used religious authority to bind the weak. The wealthy had the resources to study and keep the Law in detail, but the poor struggled daily just to survive. They had little chance to learn the Law properly and were often labeled “sinners” because they could not keep every rule. This unfair system caused them ongoing suffering.
Knowing this context helps us see why Jesus proclaimed, “Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God.” He came first to the oppressed and marginalized. He comforted them by saying they are the most precious in God’s kingdom. Meanwhile, to those who already enjoyed wealth and power, He strongly warned that if they only seek comfort without sharing or serving, they have already received their consolation in full.
Jesus tells the poor, “You are blessed. The kingdom of God belongs to you.” Here, poverty does not refer only to lacking money. It includes any situation of social helplessness, injustice, or being treated as an outcast. Jesus reaches out to those people first and gives them the gift of God’s kingdom.
We may also face economic hardships, illness, or loneliness. Yet these trials do not distance us from God. On the contrary, God comes into our suffering, wipes away our tears, and gives us strength to rise again.
On the other hand, Jesus says, “Woe to you who are rich, for you have received your consolation.” Being wealthy is not a sin in itself. But if we use our wealth only for our own comfort or power, it becomes a problem. God expects greater responsibility from those who have more. Our money, talents, and power are not meant to serve only ourselves. They are gifts entrusted to us so that we may share them with our neighbors.
Ever since I was young, I have learned that hard work and perseverance lead to good results. There is a saying that shows this well:
“A fine horse runs 300 miles in one day, but even an ordinary horse can travel 300 miles in ten days.”
These words come from Xunzi (荀子), a Confucian thinker in ancient China who was influenced by Confucius. I have gained a lot of encouragement from his teaching about “steady effort.” I still find it to be an excellent lesson.
But in our modern world, we often run fast without thinking about where we are going. Maybe we also need to consider direction. If we work hard but move in the wrong direction, our effort could be wasted. If Xunzi stressed patience and consistent effort, we can add one more question: “Effort toward what goal?”
How hard we work is not as important as where we are going. We may pursue our goals without checking our direction and later discover we are far from what we truly want. Working diligently is good, but it is even more important to know our destination.
True wisdom comes from both perseverance and discernment. We need to see if our efforts fit a larger purpose and lead us to the place we are truly called to be.
In Luke’s Gospel, we see the story of Zacchaeus, who had built his fortune dishonestly. But after encountering Jesus, he repented and generously shared his wealth with the poor. He chose a new path. This shows that Jesus’ warning is not simply a threat or punishment; it is an invitation to repentance and an opportunity to change.
In this passage, Jesus does more than just preach. He heals people who are sick or tormented by evil spirits. The kingdom of God is not just an idea or a doctrine. It is a real event that changes lives. This calls us to think about the role of the church today.
If the church truly wants to share the “good news,” it must hold the hands of people who are in trouble and meet their practical needs. That could mean praying for neighbors in crisis, offering them real help, or working for a society where the vulnerable can live with dignity. Jesus’ healing ministry shows that God’s kingdom is about raising up the oppressed and helping everyone live freely and equally.
Jesus comes down from the mountain with His disciples and says to the poor, the hungry, and those who weep, “You are blessed,” while warning those who enjoy wealth and comfort, “Be careful.” He is not merely dividing people into rich and poor. He is asking us to think about what we value most. It may sound paradoxical by worldly standards, but from the perspective of God’s kingdom, it is the natural truth.
Jesus focuses not on possessions themselves but on our attitude toward them. Happiness is not about how much or how little we own. It is the joy that comes from living by the values of God’s kingdom.
Whether we have a lot or a little, what truly matters is how we live in God’s love. In the first-century Jewish world and in our own time, people who are poor and powerless are often pushed aside or ignored. But Jesus draws near to them first, declaring that no one is excluded in God’s kingdom.
At the same time, He calls those who have plenty to discover the joy of sharing and serving. The issue is not having wealth but how we use it. When we share the blessings we have received and live for others, we show the true values of God’s kingdom.
As we hold these words in our hearts and leave the church today, let us ask ourselves, “For whom do I truly live?” Have we been so focused on success or satisfaction that we have become indifferent to anyone outside our family or close circle? Those who live in abundance can find greater joy through sharing, and those who struggle can find hope by leaning on one another. Walking together in this way is the path of true happiness that Jesus shows us.
May the core message of today’s Scripture come alive in each of you, and may you share its grace with many people.
Amen.